THE TREASURE OF EDUCATION - NALANDA VISHWAVIDYALAY

           THE TREASURE OF KNOWLEDGE - NALANDA

 VISHWAVIDYALAY (MAHAVIHARA)

Nalanda university was the biggest university of Asian continent. It was located in Nalanda, district, Bihar, in India. It is established in between the 5th and 13th centuries. This university was inspired by the peace legend Gautam mercury. In the prague of this university approximete10,000 students are studied and more than 1600 teachers( pandit and acharya) the professors of veda and vedanga was available to teach them. 

 

This university was the treasure of education for India, the most precious jewel of India destroyed by ruler of Turkey Muhammad Bakhtiyar Khilji. The entire university with his book store (library) was given in fire by Khilgi. The mega - collection of Informative valuable book( granthas and vedas) are burnt in fire.

Nalanda Vishwavidyalay

THE INFRASTRUCTURE OF NALANDA VISHWAVIDYALAY

The structure of Nalanda Mahavihara is made by four basic types of votive structure. It consists of stupas, chaityas, viharas, shrines, numerous votive monuments, and significant stucco, the stone is and metallic sculpture.

The arrangement of the buildings demonstrates the transition from a circular stupa-chaitya grouping to a formal line arrangement straddling a south-to-north axis. The property's historical evolution reflects the growth of Buddhism as a religion as well as the thriving monastic and academic traditions.

ESTABLISHED BY THREE KINGS

The Nalanda Mahavihara was founded by Kumargupta 1 king of the Gupta Dynasty in 5th century. It was ruled mainly by three king - King Harshavardhana of Kannauj (7th century CE) and the Pala rulers (8th – 12th century CE)   The bravest ruler of Nalanda Samudragupta, Chandragupta I, Kumargupta and Srigupta are the some king who were the helper as well as the protector of Nalanda Mahavihara.

Harshavardhana, hieumTsang, Dharmapal, Nagarjuna and the  father of physics and mathematics, Renowed the great scholar of India - Aryabhatta were the postgraduates of Nalanda

THE CRUEL DEVIL- BAKHATIYAR KHILJI 

• WHY BAKHATIYAR KHILJI DESTORED THE NALANDA MAHAVIHARA ?

Alauddin Khilji was a medieval Muslim ruler of the Delhi Sultanate in India. He is often remembered for his conquests and military campaigns, as well as his controversial policies and brutal methods of governance. The destruction of the Nalanda Mahavihara, a Buddhist monastery and center of learning, is one of the most infamous acts of his reign.
In the year 1193, Bakhtiyar Khilji, a commander in the army of the Muslim governor of Bengal, invaded Bihar and captured the city of Nalanda. According to some accounts, he set fire to the university and killed many of its residents, including monks, scholars, and students. However, recent research suggests that this may be an exaggeration or a later interpolation, and that the destruction of Nalanda was a gradual and complex process that took place over several centuries.
In any case, it is clear that Alauddin Khilji played no direct role in the destruction of Nalanda, as he was born more than a century after its decline. However, some historians speculate that his policies towards non-Muslims, especially Hindus and Buddhists, may have contributed to the decline of the Buddhist institutions in India.
During his reign from 1296 to 1316, Alauddin Khilji implemented a series of measures to consolidate his power and suppress dissent. He abolished the system of iqta, or land grants, and introduced a tax on agriculture, which he collected directly from the peasants. He also introduced price controls and strict regulations on trade and commerce, which were meant to prevent hoarding and profiteering.
These policies were accompanied by a strict enforcement of Islamic law and a crackdown on perceived deviance and heresy. For example, he banned the consumption of alcohol and drugs, and punished offenders with amputation, stoning, or imprisonment. He also ordered the destruction of Hindu temples and shrines, which he saw as symbols of idolatry and superstition.
It is possible that these policies contributed to a general atmosphere of intolerance and insecurity, which made it difficult for Buddhist institutions like Nalanda to survive. However, it is also worth noting that Buddhism was already in decline in India by the time of Bakhatiyar Khilji, due to a variety of economic, social, and cultural factors. In any case, the destruction of Nalanda remains a tragic and controversial episode in the history of India and Buddhism